| Correlation between sagittal and coronal spinal balance and lower limb joint angles and foot characteristics in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis |
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| DOI：10.3870/zgkf.2026.06.003 |
| EN KeyWords: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis coronal balance biomechanics arch height |
| Fund Project:贵州省科技支撑计划，黔科合支撑（【2023】一般196）；深圳市坪山区卫健局（20231315）；上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院临床研究型MDT项目（201914） |
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| EN Abstract: |
| Objective: Research indicates that patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) may exhibit changes in lower limb biomechanics and foot characteristics; however, the relationship between these factors remains unclear. This study employed correlation analysis to investigate the relationships between sagittal and coronal spinal parameters and lower limb joint angles and foot characteristics. Methods: Totally, 42 AIS patients were selected, and sagittal spinal parameters, including spinal inclination, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar lordosis, were collected. Coronal spinal parameters, including coronal imbalance, shoulder slope, pelvic tilt, and trunk imbalance, were also recorded. In addition, the maximum angles of lower limb joints in the sagittal and coronal planes during walking, as well as foot characteristics such as arch height, arch index, and calcaneal angle, were measured. Pearson correlation analysis and multivariable linear regression were used to explore the relationships between spinal and lower limb/foot parameters. Results: Arch height and arch index (P<0.001), calcaneal angle (P=0.002), pelvic tilt and maximum knee flexion angle (P=0.043), and shoulder slope and arch height (P=0.045) all showed significant negative correlations. Coronal imbalance and trunk imbalance (P<0.001), arch index and calcaneal angle (P=0.044), as well as the maximum knee varus/valgus angle and calcaneal angle (P=0.014), exhibited positive correlations. The associations between arch index and calcaneal angle (P=0.079) and between shoulder slope and arch height (P=0.07) had no statistically significant difference after adjusting for age and BMI. Conclusion: Spinal pa-rameters are associated with lower limb angles and foot characteristics, with sagittal plane parameters showing stable associations with lower limb angles, while correlations between coronal plane parameters and foot characteristics are influenced by confounding factors. This suggests a potential association between the occurrence of AIS and changes in the lower limbs and feet; Monitoring of lower limb biomechanics and foot characteris-tics should be incorporated into AIS management strategies. |
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